1. Borobudur Temple
Borobudur temple is estimated to have begun was built around 824 AD by the king of Mataram dynasty named Samaratungga of the dynasty. Borobudur temple is very magnificent.
Can not imagine how our ancestors built Borobudur so hard to stand firm with hundreds of nails without nail down the earth to strengthen its foundation, unimaginable how these rocks were formed Borobudur was formed and transported to the area of development on the hill.
Even with the sophistication of the day, it's hard to build a temple that can match the Borobudur temple. Borobudur also adopted the concept of fractals.
Fractals are geometric shapes that have elements that are similar to the overall shape.
Borobudur temple itself is a giant stupa which consists of other stupas smaller. Continues to infinity. It's amazing our ancestors already had such knowledge. Borobudur Temple building truly remarkable building.
2. Jung ship Java
Long before Zheng He and Columbus, the explorers had crossed the ocean archipelago third globe. Despite 500 years before Christ the Chinese people have developed various types of boats in different sizes, up to the seventh century weeny role in cruise ship China seas.
In the records of the religious journey I-Tsing (671-695 AD) of Canton to the Nalanda university in South India mentioned that he used the Sriwijaya ship, when the country was controlled shipping traffic in the "South Sea".
Portuguese sailors who explored the ocean in the middle of the 16th century Diego de Couto in the Da Asia, published in 1645 mentions, Javanese first sailed to the Cape of Good Hope, Africa, and Madagascar.
He discovered the Cape of Good Hope early 16th-century brown skinned like Java. "They claim to be descendants of Javanese," said Couto, Anthony Reid was quoted as saying in the book History of Early Modern Southeast Asia.
Based on the relief ship at the Borobudur Temple proved that long ago our ancestors had mastered the techniques of shipbuilding. Borobudur ships have played a major role in everything in Javanese shipping, for hundreds of hundreds of years before the 13th century.
Entering the beginning of the 8th century, the ship shifted by Jung Borobudur of Java, with three or four screens as Jung. The word "Jung" was first used in the course of monks Odrico journal, Jonhan de Marignolli, and Ibn Battuta sailed into the archipelago, the beginning of the 14th century.
They praised the greatness of the ship Java sea giants as ruler of Southeast Asia. Jung manufacturing technology is not much different from the work of Borobudur ship; entire hull was built without using nails.
Mentioned, jung archipelago has four masts, made of four layered board and able to withstand cannon fire Portuguese ships.
Jung weights average about 600 tons, exceeding the Portuguese warship. Jung largest of the kingdom of Demak weighs 1,000 tons were used as troop carriers to attack the Portuguese archipelago in Malacca in 1513. That said, this archipelago junks juxtaposed with the mother ship in this modern era.
3. kris
Long metal technology developed since the beginning of AD in the archipelago. The masters are familiar with a variety of quality metal hardness. Keris has iron forging technology is remarkable for the size of the community in the past.
Kris made by forging technique, not casted. Forging techniques with folding useful for finding purity iron, which at that time still iron materials composites with other natural materials.
Keris are originally from sheet metal folded up sometimes up to a thousand times the crease will likely still be worth a process that is unique, interesting and difficult. The development of technology is able to create a wrought forging techniques Tosan Aji (Tosan = iron, Aji = worthwhile).
Voting will meteorites containing titanium as a material element of the keris, is also an invention of our ancestors were awesome. Titanium is better known as the best materials for making dagger because it is lightweight yet very strong.
Difficulty in making keris is made from titanium melting point reaching 60 thousand degrees Celsius, far from the melting point of iron, steel or nickel in the range of 10 thousand degrees Celsius.
Titanium actually has many advantages over other types of metallic elements. The element titanium is hard, strong, lightweight, heat resistant, and rustproof.
Elements of a new titanium metal was found to be independent of metal element in the years around 1940, and the metal hardness exceeds steel but much lighter than iron. In modern civilization, the titanium used to make coatings spacecraft nose, and the tip of the rocket and intercontinental missiles.
4. Fortress palace Buton
In Buton, Southeast Sulawesi no fortress is built on a hillside area of approximately 20.7 hectares. The fortress is the former capital of the Sultanate of Buton has a fairly unique form of architect, made of limestone.
This circular shaped fort has a circumference of 2740 meters length. This fort had 12 gates and 16 guard posts / stronghold (bastion) which in local language called baluara.
Each gate (lawa) and escorted baluara 4-6 cannons. The number of guns altogether 52 pieces. In the right corner there godana south-oba (powder magazine) and warehouse bullet on the left.
It is located on the top of a high hill with a fairly steep slope allows this place as the best defense in his time. This shows how great fort builder of our ancestors in making building technologies for defense.
0 komentar:
Post a Comment